a. It is a longitudinal study that begins with the gathering of two groups of patients (the cohorts), one which received the exposure of interest, and one which did not, and then following this group over time (prospective) to measure the development of different outcomes (diseases).

b. A true experiment, in which the researcher randomly assigns some patients to at least one maneuver (treatment) and other patients to a placebo, or usual treatment.

c. An experimental method in which both the patients and the research staff do not know and cannot figure out which patients are receiving treatment and which placebo.

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